History about how time was calculated by previous civilasation

History about how time was calculated
by previous civilisation or culture
Achaelogical data can give technological
sophistication of a culture, intellectual
growth is in the form of myths, religion,
literature, astronomy, mathematics etc
> Astronomy provide many clocks
*Hours (sun and moon)
*Days (sun)
*Week (moon)
*Forthnight (moon)
*Months (sun and moon)
*Year (sun)
*Five to nineteen year (Eclipse cycle)
*Sixty years (Jupiter and Saturn)
*Hundreds of years (Precession)
*In the previous culture most people
uses sun in the morning and after noor
to calculate hours in the days and in the
evening they uses shadows also to
calculate hours and during night they
uses moon when is available to calculate
hours at night also shadows. They also
uses stars to determine time.
*In terms of days they use sun in order
to determine that particular day and
they name that days as follows (Monday,
Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday,
Saturday and Sunday) after that they
keep them in order.
*In terms of weeks they use moon in
order to determine that weeks, by
grouping them in 7 days so that they
can be called weeks as called nowadays
by current generation that called Homo
Sapiens which are human, I think that
was discovered by Homo Sapiens.
*In my perspective I think that was not
accurate because sometimes has
situation that there's no sun during the
day and during night no moon that
means sometimes that was not
accurate.

thatoyaone.blogspot.com

South African colonial expansion

When colonists began moving east

As the colonists began moving east, they encountered the Xhosa speaking people living in the region that is today's Eastern
Cape. A situation of uneasy trading and more or less continuous warfare began to develop. By this time, the second half of the 18th century, the colonists – mainly of Dutch, German and French Huguenot stock had begun to lose their sense of identification with Europe. The Afrikaner nation was coming into being.

As a result of developments in Europe, the British took the Cape over from the Dutch in 1795. Seven years later, the colony was returned to the Dutch government, only to come under British rule again in 1806, recaptured because of the alliance between Holland and Napoleon. The initially somewhat cautious regulations aimed at ameliorating the conditions under which, for instance, Khoi servants were employed, caused discontent and even open rebellion among the colony's white inhabitants.

The Cape frontier wars

At the same time, British military
strength began to tell in the conflict with the Xhosa. In 1820, some 5 000 newly arrived British settlers were placed on the
eastern frontier as a supposed defensive buffer against the Xhosa a strategy that failed when many of them gave up the struggle with uncooperative land and turned to other occupations in Port Elizabeth and Grahamstown.

The Xhosa reacted with heroic defiance at the additional pressure on their land and independence. But this ended tragically with the mass starvation that followed an
1857 prophecy that the whites would return to the sea if the Xhosa slaughtered their cattle and destroyed their crops. After 1806, philanthropist missionaries had begun arriving, their liberalising
influence reaching its high point in the activities of John Philip, friend of the British abolitionist William Wilberforce and local superintendent of the London
Missionary Society.

The Great Trek

This development and, in particular, the emancipation of slaves in 1834, had dramatic effects on the colony, precipitating the Great Trek, an emigration north and east of about 12 000 discontented Afrikaner farmers or
Boers. These people were determined to live independently of colonial rule and
what they saw as unacceptable racial egalitarianism.

The early decades of the century had seen another event of huge significance:

the rise to power of the great Zulu king Shaka. His wars of conquest and those of Mzilikazi – a general who broke away from Shaka on a northern path of conquest –
caused a calamitous disruption of the interior known as the mfecane .
Ironically, it was this that denuded much of the area into which Trekkers now moved, enabling them to settle there with a belief that they were occupying vacant territory. But this belief was by no
means accompanied by an absence of conflict with the Zulu armies and others. Initially, many Trekkers moved east into the Natal area, today the province of KwaZulu- Natal, under the leadership of Piet Retief. Intending to negotiate for land, Retief was murdered with a party of followers and servants at the kraal of Dingane, Shaka's successor.

The Battle of Blood River

In the war that followed, the Boers won victory at the Battle of Blood River. They began to settle in Natal, but smaller conflicts followed and the British – fearing repercussions in the Cape Colony – annexed Natal, where a small British
settlement called Port Natal (later
Durban) had already been established. On the highveld, however, two Boer republics were formed: the central Orange Free State and South African Republic (Transvaal or ZAR – Zuid Afrikaansche Republiek) to its north.

By the mid-1800s, the tiny refreshment post at the Cape of Good Hope had grown into an area of white settlement that stretched over virtually all of what is today South Africa. In some areas the indigenous Bantu - speakers maintained their independence,
most notably in the northern Natal
territories, which were still unmistakably the kingdom of the Zulu. Almost all were eventually to lose the struggle against white overlordship – British or Boer.

One territory that was to retain
independence was the mountain fastness where King Moshoeshoe had forged the Basotho nation by offering refuge to tribes fleeing the mfecane . Clashing with the Free Staters, Moshoeshoe asked Britain to annex Basotholand, which was
done in 1868. Known today as Lesotho, this country is entirely surrounded by South Africa, but has never been a part of it.

http://www.southafrica.info/about/history/521102.htm#.VuMExDN8Jit

Matric Second Chance programme

Second Chance Programme
SECOND CHANCE PROGRAMME:
GIVING YOU ANOTHER CHANCE AT SUCCESS!

The objective of the Second Chance Matric Programme is to offer young people who have failed to meet the requirements of the NSC a second chance to obtain a matric thereby improving quality of life. The programme will be piloted this year (2016) and registration for participation will only be open to learners that attempted the NSC examinations in 2015. The aim of the programme is to
provide support to:

Learners who wrote the 2015 matric examinations and qualified to write one or two subjects in the supplementary examinations in February and March 2016. Progressed learners writing the June 2016 examinations (learners who did not pass/write all the subjects in the 2015 exams and may register to write in June. Learners that will write the supplementary examinations in February/ March 2016 but may not do well will also be eligible).

Candidates who did not meet the NSC requirements post 2008 (excluding the 2015 candidates) will only be able to participate in the programme in 2017.

SUBJECT OFFERED FOR THE PILOT

The pilot of the supplementary examinations (2016) will only offer support for the following subjects:

Mathematics
Mathematical Literacy
Life Sciences
Physical Sciences
Geography
Business Studies
Economics

WHAT TYPE OF SUPPORT WILL THE LEARNERS BE PROVIDED WITH ?

Face to Face tuition during the pilot in 2016 in all nine provinces at two districts per province. Each district will have two venues. This will be implemented for Phase II, which focuses on progressed learners in the pilot. Broadcasting Solutions will be available at various schools and venues to all learners.

Study Guides, Past examination
question papers and textbooks (only for the pilot districts). This will be implemented for both supplementary and progressed learners.
Internet Resources – Candidates will be able to access the internet at teacher centres, Vodacom Centres, libraries and free Wi-Fi hotspots.
The National Youth Development
Agency (NYDA) together with the ETDP
Printed resources – Mind the Gap

Seta is offering free classes to learners registered as part-time learners for the Oct/ November 2016 examinations.
.
The closing date for all learners
registering for the October/November examinations is the 5th of March 2016.

REGISTRATION ON THE PROGRAMME
Registration for participating on the programme is done at the District Offices. Supplementary Exam Candidates:
Learners must register for the
programme when they register to write the supplementary examinations. Progressed Learners: Registration for progressed learners will commence in March 2016 when candidates register for the June examinations.
www.education.gov.za/programme/matricsecondchance

May God of peace always rescue me.

I will always keep everything in the hands of God, because is the only one who knows everything, he knew me before I was born and he has plan for myself, if the sunrise you must know that God has forgiven you all sins that you have done during the day.

I will keep prays God during good times and bad times because if things is bad doesn't mean God hate you, he just want to see how strong you are? Death is the only way that will take us to God. Life has ups and downs that we must overcome.

We must learn to tollerate each other and we must accept each and everyone the way they are, we must not make other people happy for other people's sadness, we must change from bad to better, we must not let our political difference to make us to hate each other.

The situation that I was in next year tought me something, I learned that FAILURE must not be obsticle in your life, you can be in an complicated situation but it will pass, but you must just move on and forget about what happened. You must try something that you think is impossible to make it so that you will manage to make it correctly when you try it again.

You must learn to be yourself, don't mind what people say, let them talk, they will always talk even if you do right thing. Some people will irreted you so that you will give up and they claim your space and they will move on smoth path. You must be aware of friends that you choose in life, some will be real friends and some will just be your friends because they expect something from you. We must know that is the way they are and is not our duty to judge them.

This is dedicated to all people who encourage and support myself, I use that to thank them for all people who support and encourage myself because is the only way to thank them, I hope they will keep do what they done to me to other people, people like Sir Gaesi Samuel Mmusi, Gopolang Molale, Kesaoleboga Tshepang Mmusi, Ovepura Tebogo Ngazire and others I'm not mention.

We can move this country forward

I hope we as young people of this country we can move it forward, we must unite and put our political difference aside, we must work together in order to build strong South Africa. We must make difference as past generation if we fail to do so history will judge us, we as young people of this country we can make difference for the future, past generation gives us freeedom, we as current generation we must give students free higher education, we must work together with them so that they can achieve that and help learners to acheive free education in all schools, rural areas and towns.